環氧乙烯基酯樹脂灌封就(jiu)是將液態復合物用(yong)機械或(huo)手工方式灌入裝有(you)電子元(yuan)件(jian)、線路(lu)的(de)器(qi)件(jian)內(nei)，在(zai)常溫(wen)或(huo)加熱(re)條件(jian)下固(gu)化成為(wei)性(xing)(xing)能優異的(de)熱(re)固(gu)性(xing)(xing)高(gao)(gao)分子絕緣材料。可強化電子器(qi)件(jian)的(de)整(zheng)體性(xing)(xing)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)對(dui)外來沖擊、震動的(de)抵(di)抗力;提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)內(nei)部元(yuan)件(jian)、線路(lu)間絕緣，有(you)利于器(qi)件(jian)小型化、輕(qing)量化;避免元(yuan)件(jian)、線路(lu)直接暴露(lu)，改(gai)善器(qi)件(jian)的(de)防水、防潮性(xing)(xing)能，并(bing)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)使用(yong)性(xing)(xing)能和穩定參(can)數。

　　局部(bu)(bu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)起始電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓低(di)，線間(jian)打火或擊(ji)穿 電(dian)(dian)(dian)視機、顯示器行輸出變(bian)壓器，汽車、摩托車點火器等高壓電(dian)(dian)(dian)子產品，常因灌(guan)(guan)(guan)封工藝不當，工作時會(hui)出現(xian)局部(bu)(bu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)暈)、線間(jian)打火或擊(ji)穿現(xian)象(xiang)，是因為這類產品高壓線圈線徑很小，一(yi)般(ban)只有0.02～0.04mm，灌(guan)(guan)(guan)封料(liao)未(wei)能完全浸透匝間(jian)，使線圈匝間(jian)存留空(kong)隙。由于空(kong)隙介(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)常數遠小于環(huan)氧灌(guan)(guan)(guan)封料(liao)，在交(jiao)變(bian)高壓條件下(xia)，會(hui)產生(sheng)不均(jun)勻電(dian)(dian)(dian)場，引(yin)起界面局部(bu)(bu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)，使材料(liao)老化分(fen)解，引(yin)起絕緣破壞。

　　從工藝(yi)角度分析，造(zao)成線間空(kong)隙有以下兩方面原因：

　　1)灌封時真(zhen)空(kong)度不夠高，線間空(kong)氣未能完全(quan)排除，使材料無法完全(quan)浸滲。

　　2)灌(guan)封前試(shi)件預熱溫度不夠，灌(guan)人試(shi)件物料黏(nian)度不能迅速降低，影響浸滲(shen)。

　　環氧乙烯基酯樹脂灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)產品的(de)質(zhi)量，主要與(yu)產品設計(ji)、元(yuan)件選擇、組(zu)裝(zhuang)及所用(yong)(yong)(yong)灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)材料(liao)密切相關，灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)也是不容忽視的(de)因素。環氧灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)有常態和(he)真(zhen)(zhen)空兩種灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。環氧樹脂.胺類(lei)常溫固化灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)料(liao)，一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)低壓(ya)(ya)電器(qi)，多(duo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)常態灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。環氧樹脂.酸酐加熱固化灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)料(liao)，一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電子器(qi)件灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)，多(duo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)，是我們本(ben)節(jie)研究的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)。目前常見的(de)有手工(gong)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)機械(xie)(xie)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兩種方(fang)式，而(er)機械(xie)(xie)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)又可(ke)分為A、B組(zu)分先(xian)混(hun)合(he)脫(tuo)(tuo)泡后灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)先(xian)分別(bie)脫(tuo)(tuo)泡后混(hun)合(he)灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)兩種情況(kuang)。其工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流(liu)程如下手工(gong)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)機械(xie)(xie)真(zhen)(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)先(xian)混(hun)合(he)脫(tuo)(tuo)泡后灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)A、B先(xian)分別(bie)脫(tuo)(tuo)泡后混(hun)合(he)灌(guan)(guan)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)

　　相比之下，機械真(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封,設備投資大，維(wei)護費用高，但在產(chan)(chan)品的一(yi)致性(xing)(xing)、可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)等方面明顯(xian)優于手工真(zhen)空灌(guan)(guan)封工藝(yi)。無論何種灌(guan)(guan)封方式，都應嚴(yan)格遵守(shou)給定的工藝(yi)條件，否則(ze)很難得(de)到(dao)滿意的產(chan)(chan)品。